Mathematical and Scriptural Analysis of Yagya Mandap Construction: Dvar, Toran, Dhvaja, and Pataka

Abstract

According to Indian scriptures, the sacred process of Yagya is conducted within a Mandap, defined as a platform constructed with specific proportions. Among its eight components, Dvar, Toran, Dhvaja, and Pataka are associated with specific deities and serve as energy conduits for the fulfillment of the Yagya. The Toran, placed one hast away from the Dvar, varies by direction and tree species, each symbolizing a guardian deity. These are adorned with symbolic emblems like Shankh, Chakra, Gada, and Padma in Vishnu Yagya, or Trishul in Shiva Yagya, with mountain symbols enhancing their protective function. Dhvaja and Pataka are installed in precise locations, bearing deity-specific colors and emblems aligned with directions, as prescribed in texts like Kundpradeep and Smart-Kund Samiksha. The selection of sacred woods such as Palash, Pipal, Udumbar, and Bilva for constructing these elements reflects the spiritual and architectural precision embedded in Vedic ritual practice. While the spiritual role of deities and color energies is beyond the current scope, this structured account underscores the mathematical harmony and symbolic intent in the traditional design of the Yagya Mandap.